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object-following-robot-c14bfb-en.md

Overview

This project uses IR Proximity Sensors and an Ultrasonic Sensor to locate and track an object within its proximity.

One real application of this project can be Shopping Carts that follow while you go aisle to aisle looking for products and just keep them in the cart and not worry about maneuvering the cart around the store.

Here's the Robot in action

Autonomous Tracking: Object Following Robot

While line-following robots look down, the Object Following Robot looks out. It uses an array of proximity sensors to lock onto a moving target (like your shoe) and chases it around the room smoothly.

The Tri-Sensor Array

The most common, effective setup uses three sensors pointed forward: Left, Center, and Right.

  1. Target Centered: If only the Center sensor sees the object, both motors drive straight forward.
  2. Target Drifts Left: If the Left sensor sees the object, the Arduino cuts power to the left motor and spins the right motor, resulting in a left turn to "catch up" to the object.
  3. Too Close: Most builders add an Ultrasonic Sensor in the center. If it gets within 10cm of the object, both motors stop so it doesn't crash into your leg.

Hardware Needed

  • Arduino Uno: The mission commander.
  • L298N Motor Shield: The high-power driver.
  • IR Obstacle Sensors (x2 or x3): The tracking eyes.
  • HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor: The safety brake.
  • 2WD or 4WD Robot Chassis Kit.

Refining the Movement

Beginners use sharp left/right turns. Advanced builders upgrade their code to use PID Controllers (Proportional-Integral-Derivative). This math formula smoothly adjusts the PWM speeds of the motors, allowing the robot to curve and drift smoothly like a real vehicle while tracking the target.

ข้อมูล Frontmatter ดั้งเดิม 

apps:
  - "1x Arduino IDE"
author: "devansh_tangri"
category: "Motors & Robotics"
components:
  - "4x Proximity Sensor"
  - "1x Hot glue gun (generic)"
  - "1x SG90 Micro-servo motor"
  - "1x Jumper wires (generic)"
  - "1x Dual H-Bridge motor drivers L298"
  - "1x SparkFun Breadboard Power Supply 5V/3.3V"
  - "1x Soldering iron (generic)"
  - "1x Arduino UNO"
  - "1x Ultrasonic Sensor - HC-SR04 (Generic)"
  - "2x DC motor (generic)"
description: "A loyal robotic pet! Build a smart rover that locks onto a target and drives autonomously to keep following it, no matter where it goes."
difficulty: "Intermediate"
documentationLinks: []
downloadableFiles: []
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heroImage: "https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/bigboxthailand/arduino-assets@main/images/projects/object-following-robot-c14bfb_cover.jpg"
lang: "en"
likes: 7
passwordHash: "d9bab85bc1f77a29f2aaa922600c8560b875c35e9f77a2b90da2a57e52d20aeb"
price: 299
seoDescription: "Build an Object Following Robot that tracks and follows objects within 50 cm linear and 120° spherical proximity."
tags:
  - "environmental sensing"
  - "tracking"
  - "toys"
  - "cars"
  - "robots"
title: "Object Following Robot"
tools: []
videoLinks:
  - "https://www.youtube.com/embed/rRRV_trhWDo"
views: 10682